Mao Zedong

Great Marxist, proletarian revolutionary, strategist and theorist, the Communist Party of China, the People's Liberation Army and the People's Republic of the main founders and leaders. Hunan Xiangtan people. December 26, 1893, born in a peasant family. The Revolution of 1911 after the outbreak of the intifada in the new army in six months when the soldiers. 1914 ~ 1918, in Hunan First Normal School students. The eve of graduation, and other organizations and CAI He-sen Institute of revolutionary groups Xinmin. May 4 movement before and after exposure and acceptance of Marxism, 1920, in a communist organization in Hunan. July 1921, the founding of the Communist Party of China attended the first National People's Congress, he served as secretary of the CPC Hunan District Committee, the leadership of Changsha, Anyuan, such as the labor movement. 1923, the CPC to attend the Third National People's Congress, was elected central executive committee members, to participate in the central leadership. 1924 after the KMT-CPC cooperation, the first of the KMT, the second National People's Congress are elected as an alternate on the central executive committee members, in Guangzhou, the Acting Minister of the KMT Central Propaganda Department, editor of "political weekly," the host of the sixth peasant movement workshops By. November 1926, the CPC Central Committee and secretary of the peasant movement. 1925-Winter Solstice 1927, have published "China's analysis of various social classes", "Hunan peasant movement inspection report" and other works, noted that farmers in China's revolution of the proletariat and the important position of leading the fight against extreme importance of farmers, criticized the Chen Duxiu's right-wing ideology. After a comprehensive breakdown of the KMT-CPC cooperation, in August 1927 an emergency meeting of the CPC Central Committee, he proposed "political power is achieved by the barrel of a gun", that is armed revolution to seize political power of thinking, and was elected alternate member of CPC Central Committee Political Bureau. After the meeting, to Hunan, Jiangxi border leadership Autumn Harvest Uprising. Then the rate of the intifada on the Jinggang Mountains, launched the agrarian revolution, and founded the first rural revolutionary base. 1928, Zhu De led the uprising with military realignment, the establishment of the worker-peasant revolutionary army (soon renamed the Red Army) Fourth Army, he served as party representatives, the secretary of Qiandi, the commander Zhu De. To him as the main representative of the Chinese communists, from China's actual conditions, the KMT regime of relatively weak rural development in armed struggle, creating a city surrounded by rural, urban and the last to win the national government's road. In his "Why China's red political power can exist» "," A single spark can start a prairie fire "and other works on this issue described in theory. May 1930, writing "against the book worship" that "no investigation, no say," well-known thesis. In August, the establishment of the Red Army First Front Army, the political commissar of the total. 1931, the Chinese Soviet Republic of the interim government set up Ruijin in Jiangxi Province, was elected Chairman. 1933, the by-election for members of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. From the end of 1930, with the one hand, Zhu De led Red Army defeated the KMT forces of repeatedly "encirclement and suppression." Wang Ming, as the representative to the "left" line of leadership into the central revolutionary base after Mao Zedong will be excluded from the party and the Red Army's leadership, the implementation of their different strategies and policies, leading to the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" of war failed. October 1934, on the one hand participate in the Red Army long march. Long march on their way, in January 1935 in Guizhou CPC Central Committee Political Bureau held an enlarged meeting (that is, the Zunyi Conference), established with Mao Zedong as the representative of the new central leadership. October, the CPC Central Committee and the Red Army reached northern Shaanxi on the one hand, the end of long march. December, "On the strategy against the Japanese imperialists," the report stated the anti-Japanese national united front policy. October 1936, four Red Front and the Front-long march after landing in Gansu, one after another rendezvous with the Red Army on one hand. In December, with Zhou Enlai, and so on to the peaceful settlement of the Xi'an Incident, from civil war to become the second KMT-CPC cooperation and joint anti-Japanese conversion of the current situation of the hub. December 1936, wrote "China's revolutionary war strategy." Summer 1937, wrote "On Practice" and "contradictory theory." Anti-Japanese War began, he led by the CPC Central Committee to adhere to the principle of the independence and autonomy of the united front, efforts to mobilize the masses, the enemy launched a guerrilla war, the establishment of many large pieces of anti-Japanese base. Most of these anti-Japanese bases in north China mountain, but also some in Hebei Plain and northern Jiangsu plain. October 1938, the Chinese Communist Party in the expansion of the Sixth Plenary Session of the 16th of "Marxism in China," the guiding principle. In the Sino-Japanese War period, he published "On Protracted War," " Journal of the word" and "On New Democracy" and other important works. 1942, the leadership of the party carried out rectification campaign to rectify the subjective and sectarianism so that the party further understand the universal truth of Marxism-Leninism and the Chinese revolution and the concrete practice of combining the basic direction of the country to seize the Sino-Japanese War and the victory of the revolution Laid the ideological foundation. 1943, the leading production base for military and civilian movement, through a serious economic difficulties. In March, was elected Chairman of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. 1945, chaired the seventh meeting of the PRC National People's Congress, "On Coalition Government". The General Assembly enacted the "go all out to mobilize the masses, and strengthening people's power, under the leadership of my party, defeating the Japanese invaders and liberate the people throughout the country, the establishment of a new democratic China" strategy. Mao Zedong Thought at the conference were identified as the CPC's guiding ideology. He seventh in a plenary session of the death until 1976, has served as Chairman of the CPC Central Committee. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, against Chiang Kai-shek's attempt to eliminate the reality of the Communist Party and its armed forces, he put forward the "tit for tat" policy of the struggle. August 1945 in Chongqing to negotiate with Chiang Kai-shek, the Communist Party of China show that the desire for domestic peace. Summer 1946 after Chiang Kai-shek launched a full-scale civil war, Mao Zedong and Zhu De, Zhou Enlai led the People's Liberation Army active defense, concentrate superior forces, the annihilation of the enemy. March 1947 to March 1948, with Zhou Enlai, Ren Bishi across northern Shaanxi, northwest battlefield command and the country's liberation war. Summer 1947, the People's Liberation Army from strategic defense into the strategic offensive, in his first under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee, the Liaoshen, Huaihai and three Beiping-Tianjin Campaign, and in April 1949 after crossing the Yangtze River's operations, to overthrow the Kuomintang government . March 1949, hosted the Second Plenum of the Seventh CPC, and made an important report, the decision of the party's work focus from urban to rural areas, provision of the party in the country after the victory of the basic policies, called on the whole party must maintain a modest , Prudent, not arrogance, impatient style, be sure to maintain the style of hard struggle. July 1, published "On the people's democratic dictatorship" and the provisions of the People's Republic of the nature of the regime and its internal and external basic policy. October 1, 1949, the People's Republic of China established, he was elected Chairman of the Central People's Government. June 1950, convened and chaired the Third Plenary Session of the Seventh CPC put forward to fight for the state's financial improvement in economic conditions and the basic struggle of the task. In October, U.S. troops into the Democratic People's Republic because of the threat situation in the northeastern part of China, led by the CPC Central Committee with his decision to war war. From 1950 to 1952, under his leadership, the land reform and the suppression of counter-revolutionaries and other democratic reforms have been launched against corruption, oppose waste, against the bureaucracy of the "three anti-" movement and against bribery, tax evasion opposition against bootlegging Deceive state property, against the jerry-building, economic intelligence against the theft of "anti-five" campaign. 1953, in accordance with his proposal, the CPC Central Committee announced that the party's general line during the transition period, began to systematically carry out socialist industrialization and the system of private ownership of the socialist transformation. 1954, the first session of the National People's Congress adopted the first meeting he presided over the drafting by the "People's Republic of China Constitution," he At the same meeting was elected first President of People's Republic of China, serve until 1959. April 1956, "On the 10 Major Relationships" speech, that speech on China's national conditions suitable for the road of building socialism had some preliminary exploration. Then, in an enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee put forward "letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools contend" policy. 1956, the system of private ownership basically completed the socialist transformation. In September, the CPC held the Eighth National People's Congress, pointed out that the main task of the people throughout the country had changed for concentrating on the development of social productive forces. However, this approach was not seriously implemented, leading to a series of guiding the future work of the mistakes and setbacks. February 1957, "on the correct handling contradictions among the people" speech, to correctly distinguish and deal with the socialist society in the struggle between people and between two different types of internal contradictions of the doctrine. In July, proposed to "create a focused and democracy there, and discipline and freedom, will have unified, have personal feelings happy, lively, as a political situation". 1958, launching the "Great Leap Forward" movement and the rural People's Commune. 1959, presided over a meeting of Lushan. He would like to correct this have been aware of the error, but later in the session to launch the wrong Peng Dehuai's criticism, after the party wrongly launched the "anti-rightist" campaign. From 1960 to 1965 winter, he led by the CPC Central Committee, under the leadership of the national economy of "adjustment, to consolidate and enrich and improve," and preliminary corrected "Great Leap Forward" movement and the mistakes in the People's Commune, Be relatively rapid economic recovery and development. During this period, he made a series of measures to correct the initial work in rural areas and other aspects of the "leftist" mistakes. However, in September 1962 the CPC held in the plenary session of the Eighth 10, of the socialist society in a range of class struggle in the memory expansion and absoluteness, his development in 1957 after the anti-rightist struggle of the proletariat with the The contradiction between the bourgeoisie in China is still the principal social point of view. 1963 to 1965, launched in rural and urban socialist education campaign, put the whole movement is the focus of the so-called "inner-party taking the capitalist road of Dangquan Pai." From the 1950s onwards, his leadership in pursuing the common Soviet leaders of major countries and interference in China's attempt to control a resolute struggle. 1966, because of the domestic situation of class struggle has made extreme estimates, he launched the "Cultural Revolution" campaign, the campaign because of Lin Biao and Jiang Qing counter-revolutionary groups manipulation and the two became particularly violent, much more than he expected and His control, and the continuation of 10 years, so many Chinese in terms of serious damage and losses. In the "Cultural Revolution", Mao Zedong also had to stop and correct some specific mistakes. He led the counter-revolutionary groups to crush the struggle against Lin Biao and Jiang Qing from Zhang Chunqiao, such as the right to win the top leadership's ambition to succeed. In foreign policy, he proposed "three worlds" of the strategic and China will never seek hegemony of the important thinking, and began to open new prospects for external work for the modernization of China has created favorable international conditions. September 9, 1976, passed away in Beijing. Mao Zedong in his later years although committed a serious mistake, but on his life, he can not argue the Chinese revolution's achievements far greater than his fault, his achievements was the first and second place is wrong He is still revered by the Chinese people. Chinese Communist Party in five years after his death, all of his revolutionary activities and revolutionary thinking to the Central Committee of the form of a resolution to make a comprehensive evaluation. Mao Zedong Thought as Marxism in China's development is still the Chinese Communist Party's guiding ideology. His main works of income "Selected Works of Mao Zedong" (four volumes), "Selected Works of Mao Zedong" (Ba Juan).